Sheet mktai



March 3, 1936. H. J. LlTTLE SHEET METAL RODFING AND SIMILAR CONSTRUCTION Original Filed May 12, 1934 Reissued Mar. 3.193s

UNITED STATES PATENT. orncs SHEET METAL ROOFING AND summit CONSTRUCTION No. 2,004,052, dated June 4, 1985, Serial No. 725,361, May 12, 1934. Application for noissue July I, 1935, Serial No. 29,548 7 Claims. ((1108-48) This invention relates sheet metal construction, particularly to a metal roofing or like construction in which it is usual to have the adjacent means of capillary attraction getting under the metal sheets and causing a leakage in the root.

The invention provides means for a water seal being formed in the bottom of the valley between corrugations on the lower sheet due to the contact of the valley on the upper sheet with the valley on the lower sheet and thereby further prevent water from the valley passing over the next corrugation.

The invention also provides corrugations on adjacent sheets arranged so that the apex of each corrugation contacts with the apex on the corrugations oi the sheet below it. while at the same time providing the maximum strength by reason oi the apex oi. each corrugation being supported by two legs, the lower ends of which rest upon the foundation upon which the sheets are laid or upon the foundation through the medium of the thickness of the sheet below. This provides for a seam between adjacent sheets formed by the corrugations which is not only waterproof but which gives the maximum strength to each of the. corrugations iorming the seam towithstahd weight placed upon the apex of the corrugations by workmen walking over. the roof or otherwise.

This invention also provides a beading which extends across the sheet at an angle to the corrugations heretofore referred to. This beading serves to strengthen the sheet, reducing or preventing liability oi same to buckle between theedge corrugations, while, at the same time, keeping a portion of the sheet which overlaps the sheet below in a comparatively flat even plane so as to make close contact with the sheet it overlaps. This beading also provides for a small air space between it and the sheet below it which serves to form a break or stop to the iorces of capillary attraction as i has been found that this.

air space arranged substantially parallel to the exposed edge of the sheet overlapping the sheet below while permitting the iorces of capillary attraction to function from the edge of the sheet to the point of the heading, or air space formed thereby, because of this air space capillary forces are broken at that point and thereisno danger of water or moisture passing above this air space and beyond the edge of the underlying sheet.

Inthe drawlngiormingaparthereot,

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing two sheets 5 cl corrugated metal roof construction.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view oi the same formed by the overlapped portions of two metal sheets.

Fig. 3 is across sectiononlineA,Aoi Fig. 1 showing also a portion of the underlying sheet.

In the drawing in which like characters refer tolike parts, I is a sheet of metalhaving aseries oi corrugations. the corrugations 2, 2 being arranged at one end and having a valley I between them. corrugations 4 arranged near the center g of the sheet and corrugations S, 5 arranged near the opposite edge of the sheet with a valley 8 between them. It will be noted that the pair of corrugations 2, 2 with the valley between them are of a difl'erent formation from the corrugam tions 5, 5 with the valley 8 between them. The apex of the corrugations 2, 2 and the outer or extreme legs 8, 9 of the corrugations 2, 2 are complements oi the corrugations 5, 5 and the extreme legs in, II. The valley lisat itsbase wider than 25 valley 8 and the sides of the corrugations 2, 2 forming the valley I are longer than the sides of the corrugations 5, forming the valley U.

when the metal sheets are assembled and nailed as shown a waterproof seal can be tormed go between the sheets by water in the valley 3 contacting with the lower side of valley 8. when these sheets are overlapped in the manner stated, the spoof of the corrugations 5. rests upon the apex of the corrugations 2. 2 and the valley 8 between the corrugations I. 9 rests upon, and contacts with, the valley I between the corrugations 2,2."Ihisva11ey3 andthevalleyllareboth formed so that the extreme lower side is in a line'commonjo the line 01' the body portion oi 40 the sheet I. The result of this is that as shown in Fig. 2 the body portion of the sheet I is supported and rests upon the foundation of the roof or structure and thelower side of the metal i'orming the valleys 3 and 8 being in a line common to the line of the body portion i rests directly upon the foundation of the structure or upon the tour:- dation through the 'metal resting thereon oi the lower sheet. It will be seen that this gives to the apex of each corrugation two sides or legs so ar- 5o ranged that any weight placed upon the apex oi the corrugations is transmitted by the legs direct to the foundation without the corrugations oithe sheet below being called upon to sustain any portion or all 01' such weight. This construction greatly strengthens the corrugations and tends to prevent any breaking down of the corrugations or buckling oi same when a workman steps thereon or any other weight is placed upon the apex of the corrugations. The extreme legs of the corrugations 5, 5 which overlap the corrugations 2, 2 are arranged parallel so as to contact with thelegs il, 9 of the corrugations 2, 2 but the legs forming the sides of the valley I are longer than the legs forming the sides of the valley I on the overlapping plate with the result that the underside of the valley 8 contacting and resting upon the bottom of the valley 3 divides the valley 3 into two compartments. It .will be seen by reference to the drawing that if water by capillary attraction or otherwise finds its way over the top of the innermost corrugations 2 it passes down and into the passageway I I and may flow down through that passageway into the gutter. A portion of the water may pass between the bottom of the valley 3 and the bottom of the valley I into the passageway l2 and then flow outward into the gutter. In addition, water in the bottom of the valley I contacting as it does with the bottom of the valley 1 and the underside oi the valley 8 will form a seal closing the passage so that when water enters into the passageway H it will, after the water seal referred to has been formed, pass out through the passageway II which is inclined toward the roof gutter quickly because of no interruption to its flow. The water seal will retard the passage of water as it creates a greater resistance to flow under the valley 8 into the passageway l2 than the resistance to the flow of the water out oi the passageway ll into the gutter and consequently by reason of thetwo passageways II and I! it will be impossibio for water to find its way overthe top of the corrugations 2 at the free edge of the lower sheet and as a result a permanent waterproof joint is established by the corrugations in conjunction with the passageways II and I2.

The corrugation 4 serves to form a strengthening rib for the sheet and also to permit expansion and contraction due to temperature changes.

In the drawing, I have shown a beading it which extends across the sheet to the end corrugations. As shown in Figure 3 this beading I3 is shown in a greatly enlarged cross section arranged above the lower edge of the sheet. In the drawing. Fig. 1, the beading I8 is shown as extending from a point slightly above the lower edge of the sheet and extending upward on the outer legs l0, I 01' the corrugations S, across the sheet up the left leg of corrugation 4 to a point adjacent the apex and from a point adjacent the apex on the opposite leg of the corrugations 4 down and across the sheet to a point adjacent the first leg I of the corrugations 2. 2. It will be noted that the heading l2 does not pass up to, or over. the apex of the corrugations and also that it is preferred not to have any beading on the legs 01' the corrugations 2, 2. This beading serves to strengthen the flat portions of the sheet, particularly between the corrugations, and maintains same in an even plane so that when overlapping the sheet below the two sheets remain in close contact, thereby tending to seal the roof against 1. However, where, as in this type of roofing. two sheets are in contact, moisture by capillary attraction passing up between the sheets can not pass beyond the air space formed by the'beading H as the air space breaks the tones oi capillary attraction and prevents moisture or water from p ssing.

While I have shown in the drawing the beading extending down the extreme outer leg Ill from near the apex of the corrugations to a point near the lower end of the leg, this portion of the heading may at times be omitted.

While in the drawing I have shown the beading I! at the lower end of the strip with the symmetrical corrugations on the left of the sheet, if desired the beading could be placed on the other end of the sheet, that is, with the symmetrical corrugations 5, 5 at the right and the beading I3 near the lower end of the sheet when these corrugations 6, 6 are so arranged. Because of the corrugations on opposite edges of the sheet not being symmetrical, it is important to have the beading on the sheet always arranged adjacent the same end of each sheet.

I claim:

1. In a construction a pair oi members one overlapping the other, each of said members provided with a plurality of parallel corrugations, the extreme sides of the corrugations on one member arranged so as to register with the extreme sides of the corrugations of the other member when the corrugations are overlapped, the adJacent sides or the valley between corrugations on the two members being non-registering and the valley between corrugations oi the overlapping member contacting with the bottom oi the valley of the under member, all so arranged as to provide a plurality of enclosed eways between the two members.

2. In a construction a pair of members one overlapping the other, each of said members provided with parallel corrugations of dissimilar contour so arranged as to provide a plurality of enclosed passageways between the corrugations, all so arranged that the apex of each of the overlapping corrugations is supported by tour continuous sides extending from the apex to the base 0! the comlgation.

3. In a construction a pair or members one overlapping the other. each or said members provided with parallel corrugations of dissimilar contourso arrangedas toprovideapluralltyof enclosed aways between the corrugations, allso arrangedthattheapexofeachol' theoverlapping corrugations is supported by four continuous sides extending from the apex to the horizontal portion of the member.

4. In a rooting construction a pair oimembers. one 01' said members overlapping the other, each having a flat portion and parallel corrugations along adjacentedges, the sides 0! each corrugation extending from the apex of the corrugation downtoapoint inaplane commontotheflat portion or the member, the extreme sides of the corrugations on the overlapping member being arranged parallel to, and in contact with. the extreme sides of the corrugations of the underlying member, the adjacent sldes oi the corrugations of the overlapping member being spaced apart from the adjacent sides oi the underlying member.

5. In a rooting construction a pair of members, one of said members overiapping the other. each having a flat portion and parallel corrugations along adjacent edges, the sides 0! each corrugation extending from the apex of the corrugation down to a point in a plane common to the flat portion of the member, the extreme sides of the corrugations on the overlapping member being arranged parallel to. and in con- M w t the extreme sides of the corrugations Of the yi g member. the adjacent sides oi the corrugations oi the overlappins member ben: spaced apart from the adjacent sides of the underlying member. all so arranged to provide a plurality oi enclosed passageways between adlscent overlapping corrugations.

6. In a rooting a plurality oi overlapping sheet metal members. said members having a horirental portion, parallel corrugations extending upward from said portion, each said corrugations provided with two diverging legs extending irom the apex thereof to a line common to the line oi the horizontal portion, the adjacent legs of the corrugations on one member being arranged at an angle dlflerent from the adjacent legs 0! the corrugations on the other member whereby the corrugations oi the members overlap and form between the corrugations a plurality oi enclosed passages.

1. In a sheet metal roofing member. a flat body portion. a pair oi parallel corrugations adjacent opposite edges thereof extending W from said body portion. the corrugations adjacent one edge being complementary to the corrugations adjacent the other edge except that the adjacent legs oi one pair oi corrugations are not complementai to the adJacent legs of the other pair oi corrugations. each of the corrugations having two legs extending irom the apex oi the comtgaticntoa line common to theiineoi'the body portion.

B. In a rooting. a pair of members. one 0! which overlaps the other. the lower member prothe portion of the construction which it overlaps.

12. In a construction member a flat body portion disposed between spaced apart corrugations and means extending across the body portion from a. point near the apex of one corrugation to a point near the apex 01' a corrugation on the opposite side oi the body portion for interrupting the lorces of capillary attraction between said member and the next underlying member when in use.

13. In a roofing. a pair of members, one of which overlaps the other. each oi said members provided with a pair of corrugations adjacent their edges so that the corrugations on the adjacent edges oi said members engage with each other. each of said members provided with means arranged transverse to the corrugations in the portion or the member that overlaps the under lying member. said means extending across the member from a point adjacent the apex oi one corrugation to a point adjacent the apex c! another corrugation said means adapted to interrupt the forces of capillary attraction between the contacting surfaces oi the overlapping and the underlying members.

14. In a roofing. a'pair oi. members. one of which overlaps. the other. the lower member provided with a pair or corrugations. the upper member provided with a portion overlapping said pair oi corrugations to provide an enclosed valley between said corrugations and means carried by the overlapping portion oi said upper member dividing said enclosed valley into a plurality oi enclosed passageways. each of said members provided with a relatively small corrugation or heading transverse to the first mentioned corrugations soarrangedsstoprovide beiowsuehnnallcorrugations an air space between the-member and the underlying construction when in use.

15. In a sheet metal roofing member. a hat bodyportlonapsirotparallelcomigationsadjacent opposite edges thereof extending upward tromsaidbodyportiomthecorrugaticnsadJacent one edge being complementary to themgationsadiacenttheotheredgeeaceptthatthe adjacent iegsotonspaircicomigationsarenot complmentary to the adlacent legs or the other pair otyccrrusaticns. each ci'.the corrugations centoneedgebeingeomplumntarytothecorrugations'adiacentthectheredgcemevtthatthe adJacentlegsotcnepair-oicormgationsarenot compiementarytotheadjacent legsoi the other pair 0! corrugations. each of the corrugations havingtwolegsextendingtromtheapexotthe corrugationtoalinecommonbthellneotthe body portion. and a relatively smaller single corrugaticnarrangedtransversetosaidparallelcorrugationsacrosstheflatportlonotthebodysnd exteadinguptbelegsoioneormorecorrugations butnotovertheapexthereot.

lLInabulldingcoverlngcomposedcioverlapping metal members. each of said munhers overlapplngalibememberinthesamerowand anothermemberintherowbelow.eachmemhcr provided with corrugations arranged along their side edges so that the corrugations may be overlapped with the next adjacent member in the same row. and each member also provided with means arranged transversely to the aforesaid corrugations and up the leg of and to a point adjacent to the apex at one oi the corrugations on each side edge so as to provide an air space parallel to. but inward from. one oi the uncorrugated edges of the flat portion of the member and between said member and the flat portion oi. the underlying adjacent member in the next row and between one leg of a corrugation and a leg of the underlying corrugation.

18. In a sheet metal roofing. a fiat body portion provided with two separate sets of corrugations arranged in pairs. each pair of corrugations having a valley between the corrugations, the lowest portion of which is in a line common to the line 0! the body portion, the side 01' one of the corrugations forming the valley between a pair or corrugations being longer from the apex of the corrugation to the base than the corresponding side forming the valley between the other pair of corrugations.

19. In a roofing sheet. corrugations arranged adjacent opposite edges thereof. a beading arranged transverse to said corrugations extending substantially across the sheet from a point adjacent the apex of one corrugation on one edge to a point adjacent the apex of the next corrugation. said beading adapted to provide an enclosed space between contacting portions of the next adjacent member.

20. In a metal construction member. a body portion disposed between spaced apart corrugations and means extending substantially across the member' from a point adjacent the apex 01' one corrugation to a point adjacent the apex of,

the other corrugation for interrupting the forces of capillary attraction between said member and the contactingbody portion of the next adjacent member. 4

21. In a construction. a pair oi members. each provided with corrugations arranged in sets, one member overlapping the other. each of said membersprovided withapairof corrugationsotdissimilar contour with corrugations on theoverlapped member d so arranged as to' member.saidoverlappingooursesbeingincon-- tactonoppositesidesoithecapillaryintemiptlngmeans.

24. A roofing comprising overlappingcourses lncludingroofingshcets. each of whichhave corrugations arranged adjacent two opposite edges thereoi.andabeading arrangedtransversely to said corrugations and extending irom a point adjacent the apex of the corrugation on one edge to a point adjacent the apex at the corrugation on the other edge. said beading on one sheet being contacted with a non-beaded portion oi an over- .lapping sheet to provide an air space between contacting portions oi the overlapping members.

25. In a sheet metal roofing member, a hat body portion. a pair of parallel corrugations adjacent oppomte edges thereof extending upward from said body portion. the corrugations adjv I 26. In a sheet metal roofing member. a fiat body portion. a pair of parallel corrugations adjacent opposite edges thereo! extending upward from said body portions. the corrugations adjacent one edge being dissimilar to the corrugations adjacent the other edge, each of the corrugations having two legs extending from the apex oitheom'rugationtoalinecommontothe line-o1 the body portion. and a relatively smaller single corrugation arranged transverse to said parallel corrugations across the fiat portion or the body and extending up the legs of one or more corrugations but not over the apex thereof.

21. In a roofing sheet a body portion. a corrugated portion. a heading arranged transverse to said corrugation extending entirely across the bodyportion and up the leg 01' the corrugation tions. means extending across themcmber to a point on the leg of the corrugations for inter- 31. In a construction member, a body portion disposed between spaced apart corrugations. means extending across the member to a point lasso on the legs or the corrugations intermediate the basethereotandthe apexoisaideorrugationror interrupting the forces oi capillary attraction between said member and the contacting body portion of the next adjacent member, said means permitting the body portions of adjacent members to be in contacting relation.

32. In a roofing sheet, a body portion, a corrugated portion. a beading arranged transverse to said corrugation'extending entirely across the body portion and up the leg 01' the corrugation to a point intermediate the base of the leg and the apex of the corrugation to provide an air space between the sheet and the portion of the construction which it overlaps, thereby providing means for interrupting theiorces of capillary attraction, said means permitting the body portion on oppoflte sides of said means to contact with adjacent portions oi a construction which the sheet may overlap. 1

33. In a metal construction member, a body portion, a corrugated portion adjacent an edge oi said member, said body portion having portions normally extending upward from the lower plane 01' the body portion, and a beading arranged transversely ot the body portion and ot the corrugated portion, said beading being adjacent the exposed edge to be in the overlapping end and extending across the body portion and into a portion 0! the body portion that is normal- 1y elevated above the lower plane of the body to provide an air between the member and the contacting ns 0! an adjacent structure.

tionandiheansarrangedtransverselytotheintermediate portion and mm the gradually elevated portion, said means interrupting the forces oi. capillary attraction between said member and an adjacent underlapped contacting member.

35. In a metal construction member, a body portion adapted to contact with a body portion of a similarly constructed member and spaced between portions gradually rising above the honaontal planeot the body portion, one of said portions terminating in a portion adapted to overlap a similar construction member, means extending transversely across the body and into said portion gradually rising above the horizontal gation, means extending across the member to a point on the adjacent portion which gradually departs from the horizontal plane, said means providing a space ofl'set from the plane of the contacting body portion for interrupting the forces 01 capillary attraction between said member and the contacting body portions oi. the next adjacent member.

HOWARD J. LI'I'ILE.

plane and terminating in the apex of a corru- CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Reissue No. 19,880. March 5, 1936.

HOWARD J. LITTLE.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 5, second column, line 20, claim 55, strike out the word "next" and after "underlapped" and before the period insert member; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 51st day of March, A. D. 1936.

Leslie Frazer Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

